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Will martial law be declared in us9/9/2023 On 16 December, the ZOMO squads pacified the pro-Solidarity miners' strike in the Wujek Coal Mine in the industrial city of Katowice, killing nine demonstrators. Some protests appeared in response to the introduction of martial law. The crackdown on the opposition led the Reagan Administration to introduce economic sanctions against Poland and the neighbouring Soviet Union, further worsening the former's economy. Thousands of opposition activists were imprisoned without trial, and although martial law was lifted in 1983, many political prisoners were not released until a general amnesty in 1986. The secret services (SB) wiretapped phones in public booths and state institutions. Intercity travelling without a permit was forbidden, food shortages intensified, and censorship was placed on all media and correspondence. The Polish People's Army, Citizens' Militia (MO), ZOMO special paramilitary units, and tanks were deployed on the streets to demoralize demonstrators, begin regular patrols, control strategic enterprises, and maintain curfew. An extraconstitutional military junta, the Military Council of National Salvation (WRON), was formed to rule Poland during the time. On 13 December 1981, Jaruzelski announced the introduction of martial law in a televised speech, following the vote of the Council of State the previous day which formally authorised its introduction. The new First Secretary, General Wojciech Jaruzelski, was determined to put an end to the demonstrations by force if necessary. Following countless strikes and demonstrations by employees of chief industrial regions, Poland was heading towards bankruptcy. Gierek, who permitted the trade union to appear per the Gdańsk Agreement, was dismissed from his post less than a month later and confined to house arrest. Essential goods were heavily rationed, which acted as a stimulus to establishing the first anti-communist trade union in the Communist Bloc, known as Solidarity, in 1980. Edward Gierek, First Secretary of the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR), had obtained a series of large loans from foreign creditors to achieve better economic output, but they instead resulted in a domestic crisis. Since the late 1970s, communist Poland had been in a deep economic recession. The government of the Polish People's Republic drastically restricted everyday life by introducing martial law and a military junta in an attempt to counter political opposition, in particular the Solidarity movement. Martial law in Poland ( Polish: Stan wojenny w Polsce) existed between 13 December 1981 and 22 July 1983. Supported by: Soviet Union ( Intelligence support and military equipment)Ģ3,000 members of Solidarity, protesters, governmental defectors and other unprivileged belligerents armed mostly with small arms
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